History
Prehistory
Middle Paleolithic:

Aterian Civilization (sites of Bir el Ater, south of Annaba, and in the Nementcha at 70 km south of Tebessa, to the extremity of djebel Onk).

Ancient Neolithic:

Sites of snail shell mounds near Constantine and in the Sahara: Capsians were escargot eaters.

Recent Neolithic in Sahara (humid):

Brilliant Civilization (engravings and cave paintings of the Tassili n’Adjjer).

16th Century to 9th Century BC:

Probable descendants of the Capsians came into contact with " people of the Sea " and learned Aegean and Anatolian techniques: the Sahara became barren and empty.
Carthaginian Period, Kingdom of Numidia and Roman Period

About 1250 BC

Arrival of the Phoenician and foundation of the merchant colonies of Hippo-regius and Utica.

About-510 BC

Treaty between Rome and Carthage, Rome recognized the commercial monopoly of Carthage in the western Mediterranean

From 348 BC to 306 BC

Commercial Treaties between the Punics and Romans

From 264 BC to 146 BC

Punic wars (264 BC to 241 BC/ 218BC to 201 BC/ 149 BC to 146 BC)

3rd and 2nd century BC

Kingdoms of Numidia : Syphax, Massinissa and Jugurtha

From 111 BC to 105 BC

Jugurthine Wars between Jugurtha, king of the Numidians, and the Romans

46 BC

Numidia became a Roman province

From 1 AD to 429 AD

Romanization of North Africa

From 429 AD to 430 AD

Invasion of the Vandals

From 533 AD to 646 AD

Byzantine Conquests of North Africa

 

The advent of Islam

 

647AD

Arrival of the Arabs: Incursion of Oqba Ibn-Nafaa;

From 776 to 909

Rostomid dynasty

From 908 to 972

Fatimid Dynasty

From 972 to 1148

Zirid dynasty

From 1007 to 1152

Hammadit dynasty

From 1052 to 1147

Almoravid Dynasty

From 1121 to 1235

Almohad dynasty

From 1235 to 1556

Zianid dynasty

 

Ottoman Authority

 

1518

To fight against the threat of Spanish occupation, Kheireddine Barberousse placed Algiers under protection of the ottoman Sultan of Istanbul.

1534-1587

Reign of the "Beylerbeys" (23 Beylerbeys took power )

1587-1659

Reign of the Pachas (about 40 pachas took power)

1659-1671

Reign of the "Aghas"(about 04 aghas took power)

1671-1710

Authority of the deys-pachas (11 deys took power) Algiers withstood English and French aggressions (1678,1680,1682,1688)

1710-1830

Authority of the Dey (18 deys took power, the latest was Dey Hocine)


French colonization

 

June 14 1830

Disembarkation of French forces on the coast of Sidi Fredj.

July 5 1830

Signature of the agreement of submission by the Dey of Algiers

1832-1847

Revolt of Emir Abd el-kader who made his authority recognized on the center and the west of Algeria as the Algerian State.

1830-1848

Resistance of Ahmed Bey in the East of Algeria

February 26, 1834

Desmichels Treaty concluded between France and Emir Abd El Kader

May 3,1837

Treaty of Tafna concluded between General Bugeaud and Emir Abd El Kader

1846

Revolt of Benacer Ben Chohra in the Center and the Southeast of Algeria

1845-1850

Revolt of the oasis of Zaatcha and Zibane conducted by Sheik Bouziane

1851-1860

Revolt of Cherif Boubeghla and Fatma N'soumer in Djurdjura and in Kabylia

1864-1884

Revolt of Ouled sidi-cheikh

1871-1872

Revolt of Hadj Mohamed El Mokrani Boumezrag and Cheikh El Haddad

1877-1912

Revolt of the Touareg in the Hoggar under the lead of Sheik Amoud Ben Mokhtar

1912

Creation of the “Movement of the Algerian youth”,(in French :“Mouvement de la Jeunesse Algerienne) directed by the émir Khaled.

Creation in Algiers of “The association of the Muslim Students of North Africa”( in French: “L’Association des Etudiants Musulmans de l’Afrique du Nord”(A.E.M.A.N.)

March 1926

Creation in Paris of “ The North African star”,( in French: “l'Étoile Nord Africaine”) by El-hadj Ahmed Messali

1927

Creation in Paris of “The association of the North African Muslim Students”,( in French “L’Association des Etudiants Musulmans Nord Africains -A.E.M.A.N.F)

May 5, 1931

Creation of “L’Association des Oulamas Musulmans” by Sheik Abdelhamid Ben Badis.

March 1937

Creation in Algiers of “the Party of the People of Algeria”,( in French: “ Le Parti du Peuple Algerian P.P.A) by El-hadj Ahmed Messali.

1943

Ferhat Abbas presented to the allies in WW2 the “Manifesto of the Algerian people” requesting the equality between the Muslim and European communities.

May 8, 1945

Massacres of Sétif, Guelma and Kherrata, about 45.000 people killed.

1946

Ferhat Abbas created “The Democratic Union of the Algerian Manifesto’) In French. “l’Union Democrate du Manifeste Algerien (U.D.M.A)

El-hadj Ahmed Messali created “the Movement for the Triumph of The Democratic Liberties”(in French: “ Le Mouvement pour le Triomphe des Libertés Démocratiques (M.T.L.D)

1947

Creation of “the Special Organization”. (in French : “l’Organisation Spéciale)

November 1, 1954

Starting of the Algerian revolution.

August 20 1956

Congress of the Soummam and instauration of the “National Council of the Algerian Revolution “ ( In French : le Conseil national de la Révolution algérienne C.N.R.A.) and “the committee of coordination and application ” (In French: le Comité de coordination et d'exécution C. C. E)

September 20, 1957

The Algerian question placed on the agenda of the U.N.

September 19, 1958

Creation of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic. “ in French: Le Gouvernement Provisoire de la Republique Algerienne (G.P.R.A.)” presided by Ferhat Abbas.

August 09, 1961

Ben youcef Ben khedda became the 3rd President of the Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic.

March 18, 1962

Signature of the Evian agreements

March 19, 1962

Proclamation of the cease-fire.

April 1962

Installation of the Provisional Executive in “Rocher Noir” (Boumèrdes)

July 01, 1962

Referendum on self-determination, (99.7% in favor of independence).

July 05, 1962

Proclamation of the independence of Algeria.

 

Independent Algeria

 

September 20, 1962

Election of the first constituent assembly.

September 25, 1962

Proclamation of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria.

September 29, 1962

Constitution of the first government of Algeria.

October 08, 1962

Admission of Algeria to the U.N.

May 08, 1963

Adoption by referendum of the first constitution of Algeria

September 15, 1963

Election of Mr. Ahmed Ben Bella to the Presidency of the Republic.

April 1964

Adoption of the Charter of Algiers by the 3rd congress of the F. L. N. (National Liberation Front)

June 19, 1965

Creation of the Council of the Revolution presided by Mr. Houari Boumediene.

May 07 1966

Nationalization of mines.

February 05, 1967

First local election (A.P.C (boroughs) and A.P.W. (Departments)

May 1967

French army left the bases of Reggane and Bechar.

February 1st, 1968

Withdrawal of the French army from the naval base of Mers El-kebir.

February 24 1971

Nationalization of hydrocarbons.

June 27,1976

Adoption by referendum of the National charter.

November 19, 1976

Adoption by referendum of the second constitution of Algeria.

December 10, 1976

Election of Mr. Houari Boumediene to the Presidency of the Republic.

December 27, 1978

Death of President Houari Boumediene .

February 07,1979

Election of Mr. Chadli Ben Jedid to the Presidency of the Republic.

January 13 ,1983

Reelection of Mr. Chadli Ben Jedid to the Presidency of the Republic (2nd mandate).

October 05, 1988

Protests in several cities of Algeria.

November 03, 1988

Adoption by referendum of the revision of the Constitution

December 22, 1988

Reelection of Mr. Chadli Ben Jedid to the Presidency of the Republic (3rd mandate).

February 23, 1989

Adoption by referendum of the fourth constitution of Algeria

June 05 1991

Proclamation of the state of siege.

January 04, 1992

Dissolution of the People’s National Assembly (parlement).

January 12 1992

Resignation of President Chadli Ben Djedid.

January 14, 1992

Creation of the Higher State Council (in French :Haut Conseil de l’Etat -H.C.E.) under the presidency of Mr. Mohamed Boudiaf.

February 02 1992

Instauration of the state of emergency.

February 04 1992

Creation of a National Consultative Council.

June 29 1992

Assassination of the President of the Higher State Council, Mr. Mohamed Boudiaf.

July 02 1992

Mr. Ali Kafi became President of the Higher state Council.

January 30 1994

End of the mandate of the Higher State Council, Mr. Liamine Zeroual designated Head of State.

May 18 1994

Creation of the National Council of Transition (in French: Conseil National de Transition).

November 16 1995

Mr. Liamine Zeroual elected President of the Republic.

November 28 1996

Referendum on the fifth Constitution of Algeria.

June 05 1997

Pluralist legislative election.

October 23 1997

Pluralist local Election.

September 11 1998

Mr. Liamine Zeroual announced early presidential election.

April 15 1999

Mr. Abdelaziz Bouteflika elected President of the Republic.

September 16 1999

Adoption by referendum of the Law on the civil concord

April 10 2002

Constitutionalization of Tamazight (Berber Language) as national language.

May 30 2002

Second pluralist legislative election.

April 08 2004

Mr. Abdelaziz Bouteflika reelected President of the Republic.

September 23 2005

Adoption, by referendum, of the National Charter for Peace and Reconciliation

April 2009

Mr. Abdelaziz Bouteflika reelected President of the Republic.

April 17 2014

Mr. Abdelaziz Bouteflika reelected President of the Republic.